Black-box testing and white-box testing https://attractgroup.com/blog/difference-between-black-box-test-white-box-test/ are two fundamental software testing methods, each with distinct approaches. Black-box testing focuses on evaluating a system's functionality based on its inputs and outputs without knowing the internal workings. In contrast, white-box testing requires understanding the internal code and logic of the system. Both methods are essential for comprehensive software quality assurance, ensuring different aspects of a system are thoroughly tested.